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Abstract representation of scientific innovation

Abstract representation of scientific innovation

Pediatric Immunization Clinical Trials & Studies

Why are RSV Immunization Trials in Infants and Young Children Important?

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common viral infection in infants and toddlers, with nearly all children experiencing it by the age of two. It is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in infants. RSV disease is typically mild, but it can lead to more severe disease, especially in infants and toddlers. It is also a leading cause of hospitalization in infants worldwide.1–4

Fortunately, babies can be protected against RSV disease through immunizations developed through clinical trials. RSV protection can be offered for babies via maternal immunization (RSV vaccine administered to pregnant persons) or with RSV antibodies given directly to the baby.1

Conducting Clinical Trials in Pediatric Populations

Children may respond differently to vaccines and immunizations that have been tested and approved for adults, which is why it is important to specifically test them in these populations. As children are vulnerable populations who require extra precautions in clinical trials, they have historically been disproportionately excluded from vaccine and immunization trials, resulting in a lack of safety and effectiveness data for these individuals.5-7

Learn more about diversity in Sanofi’s clinical trials.

Here at Sanofi, to ensure that clinical trials are conducted safely, we adhere to the guidance of regulatory bodies that have outlined special considerations for conducting clinical trials involving pregnant people and children.

Sanofi’s clinical trials are held to the highest best practice standards, including but not limited to Good Research Practices (GRP), Good Laboratory Practices (GLP), Good Clinical Practices (GCP), and ICH E6 Good Clinical Practice. Learn more about our Bioethics in Clinical Trials Framework.

How are Participants Recruited for Pediatric Vaccine Trials?

Parents can volunteer their children to participate in an vaccine trial and may withdraw at any time during the screening or trial process if they choose. Each clinical trial has specific eligibility criteria that participants must meet, determined through a rigorous screening process. This process includes an evaluation by medical staff, who review the child's medical history, conduct physical examinations, and perform other relevant tests.

If a participant is found eligible, they will receive a patient information sheet and an informed consent form that explains all details of the clinical trial. For clinical trials involving children, parents must give informed consent for their child’s participation. Parents will also have the opportunity to ask questions and discuss any concerns before deciding to enroll their child in the study.

Explore Sanofi's Vaccine Trials in Infants and Young Children

Abbreviations

FDA, Food and Drug Administration; IRB, Institutional Review Board; RSV, Respiratory syncytial virus; EMA, European Medicines Agency. 

References

  1. WHO. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Available from:  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/respiratory-syncytial-virus-(rsv)  [Accessed: August 2025]
  2. Gong X, Luo E, Fan L, et al. Clinical research on RSV prevention in children and pregnant women: progress and perspectives. Frontiers in Immunology. 2024;14:1329426.
  3. National Foundation for Infectious Diseases. Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). Available from: https://www.nfid.org/infectious-disease/rsv/ [Accessed: May 2025]
  4. Cedrone F, Montagna V, Del Duca L, et al. Epidemiology of Bronchiolitis and Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Analysis of Length of Stay from 2015 to 2022: Retrospective Observational Study of Hospital Discharge Records from an Italian Southern Province before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Diseases. 2024;12(1):17. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12010017
  5. Salloum M, Antea Paviotti, Bastiaens H, Jean‐Pierre Van Geertruyden. The inclusion of pregnant women in vaccine clinical trials: An overview of late-stage clinical trials’ records between 2018 and 2023. Vaccine. 2023;41(48):7076-7083. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.10.057
  6. Stanford University. View of The Ethics of Pediatric Clinical Trials. Available from: https://ojs.stanford.edu/ojs/index.php/intersect/article/view/2732/1673 [Accessed: May 2025]
  7. Joseph PD, Craig JC, Caldwell PHY. Clinical trials in children. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 2015;79(3):357-369. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.12305
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